Short multiplication and division – Year 4 maths worksheet answers to download as PDF

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1. Answer to Question 1

   1. Move the digits one place left: 64 × 10 = 640.
   2. 35 × 100 = 3 500 (two places left).
   3. 7 × 6 = 42, so 7 × 60 = 420.
   4. 9 × 4 = 36, so 9 × 400 = 3 600.
   5. 8 × 3 = 24, so 8 × 300 = 2 400.

2. Answer to Question 2

   1. Estimate: 20 × 4 = 80. Ones: 3 × 4 = 12, write 2 and carry 1. Tens: 2 × 4 + 1 (carried) = 9, write 9. Answer: 92.
   2. Estimate: 40 × 5 = 200. Ones: 6 × 5 = 30, write 0 and carry 3. Tens: 3 × 5 + 3 (carried) = 18, write 18. Answer: 180.
   3. Estimate: 50 × 6 = 300. Ones: 8 × 6 = 48, write 8 and carry 4. Tens: 4 × 6 + 4 (carried) = 28, write 28. Answer: 288.
   4. Estimate: 80 × 3 = 240. Ones: 5 × 3 = 15, write 5 and carry 1. Tens: 7 × 3 + 1 (carried) = 22, write 22. Answer: 225.

3. Answer to Question 3

   1. Ones: 4 × 3 = 12, write 2 and carry 1. Tens: 3 × 3 + 1 (carried) = 10, write 0 and carry 1. Hundreds: 2 × 3 + 1 (carried) = 7, write 7. Answer: 702.
   2. Ones: 5 × 6 = 30, write 0 and carry 3. Tens: 0 × 6 + 3 (carried) = 3, write 3. Hundreds: 4 × 6 = 24, write 24. Answer: 2 430.
   3. Ones: 8 × 7 = 56, write 6 and carry 5. Tens: 6 × 7 + 5 (carried) = 47, write 7 and carry 4. Hundreds: 3 × 7 + 4 (carried) = 25, write 25. Answer: 2 576.
   4. Ones: 5 × 4 = 20, write 0 and carry 2. Tens: 4 × 4 + 2 (carried) = 18, write 8 and carry 1. Hundreds: 2 × 4 + 1 (carried) = 9, write 9. Thousands: 1 × 4 = 4, write 4. Answer: 4 980.

4. Answer to Question 4

   1. Tens: 9 ÷ 4 = 2 remainder 1. Ones: 16 (1 carried to the next digit 6) ÷ 4 = 4. Answer: 24. Check: 24 × 4 = 96.
   2. Hundreds: 2 is less than 5, so there is no hundreds digit in the answer; carry 2 to the next column. Tens: 25 (2 carried to the next digit 5) ÷ 5 = 5. Ones: 5 ÷ 5 = 1. Answer: 51. Check: 51 × 5 = 255.
   3. Hundreds: 7 ÷ 6 = 1 remainder 1. Tens: 13 (1 carried to the next digit 3) ÷ 6 = 2 remainder 1. Ones: 18 (1 carried to the next digit 8) ÷ 6 = 3. Answer: 123. Check: 123 × 6 = 738.
   4. Hundreds: 9 ÷ 8 = 1 remainder 1. Tens: 10 (1 carried to the next digit 0) ÷ 8 = 1 remainder 2. Ones: 24 (2 carried to the next digit 4) ÷ 8 = 3. Answer: 113. Check: 113 × 8 = 904.

5. Answer to Question 5

   1. Tens: 8 ÷ 4 = 2 remainder 0. Ones: 5 ÷ 4 = 1 remainder 1. Answer: 21 remainder 1. Check: 21 × 4 + 1 = 85.
   2. Hundreds: 1 is less than 6, so there is no hundreds digit in the answer; carry 1 to the next column. Tens: 15 (1 carried to the next digit 5) ÷ 6 = 2 remainder 3. Ones: 37 (3 carried to the next digit 7) ÷ 6 = 6 remainder 1. Answer: 26 remainder 1. Check: 26 × 6 + 1 = 157.
   3. Hundreds: 3 is less than 5, so there is no hundreds digit in the answer; carry 3 to the next column. Tens: 36 (3 carried to the next digit 6) ÷ 5 = 7 remainder 1. Ones: 12 (1 carried to the next digit 2) ÷ 5 = 2 remainder 2. Answer: 72 remainder 2. Check: 72 × 5 + 2 = 362.
   4. Hundreds: 7 is less than 8, so there is no hundreds digit in the answer; carry 7 to the next column. Tens: 79 (7 carried to the next digit 9) ÷ 8 = 9 remainder 7. Ones: 70 (7 carried to the next digit 0) ÷ 8 = 8 remainder 6. Answer: 98 remainder 6. Check: 98 × 8 + 6 = 790.

6. Answer to Question 6

   1. 6 × 28 = 168 chairs. Ones: 8 × 6 = 48, write 8 and carry 4. Tens: 2 × 6 + 4 (carried) = 16, write 16. Answer: 168.
   2. 144 ÷ 4 = 36 cm. Hundreds: 1 is less than 4, so there is no hundreds digit in the answer; carry 1 to the next column. Tens: 14 (1 carried to the next digit 4) ÷ 4 = 3 remainder 2. Ones: 24 (2 carried to the next digit 4) ÷ 4 = 6. Answer: 36.
   3. 35 × 7 = £245. Ones: 5 × 7 = 35, write 5 and carry 3. Tens: 3 × 7 + 3 (carried) = 24, write 24. Answer: 245.
   4. 90 ÷ 8 = 11 remainder 2 (8 × 11 = 88). 2 children are left over.

7. Answer to Question 7

   1. 7 × 8 = 56 pens.
   2. 7 × 36: Ones: 6 × 7 = 42, write 2 and carry 4. Tens: 3 × 7 + 4 (carried) = 25, write 25. Answer: 252. So 252 pencils.
   3. 7 × £3 = £21 and 7 × £4 = £28, so the total is £21 + £28 = £49.
   4. 28 ÷ 8 = 3 remainder 4, so 3 packs are not enough: 4 packs are needed (32 pens). Pens left over: 32 − 28 = 4.

8. Answer to Question 8

   1. 135 × 5: Ones: 5 × 5 = 25, write 5 and carry 2. Tens: 3 × 5 + 2 (carried) = 17, write 7 and carry 1. Hundreds: 1 × 5 + 1 (carried) = 6, write 6. Answer: 675. 675 m.
   2. 135 × 4: Ones: 5 × 4 = 20, write 0 and carry 2. Tens: 3 × 4 + 2 (carried) = 14, write 4 and carry 1. Hundreds: 1 × 4 + 1 (carried) = 5, write 5. Answer: 540. 540 m.
   3. 135 × 3 = 405 m.
   4. 1 000 ÷ 270 = 3 remainder 190 (270 × 3 = 810). Three journeys are not enough, so she needs 4 journeys (4 × 270 = 1 080 m).

9. Answer to Question 9

   1. 144 ÷ 8 = 18 marbles. Hundreds: 1 is less than 8, so there is no hundreds digit in the answer; carry 1 to the next column. Tens: 14 (1 carried to the next digit 4) ÷ 8 = 1 remainder 6. Ones: 64 (6 carried to the next digit 4) ÷ 8 = 8. Answer: 18.
   2. 150 ÷ 7 = 21 remainder 3. 21 in each bag, 3 left.
   3. 150 ÷ 6 = 25 (6 × 25 = 150). He is right.
   4. 150 ÷ 25 = 6 bags (25 × 6 = 150).

10. Answer to Question 10

    1. 78 × 3: Ones: 8 × 3 = 24, write 4 and carry 2. Tens: 7 × 3 + 2 (carried) = 23, write 23. Answer: 234. 234 m.
    2. 78 × 9: Ones: 8 × 9 = 72, write 2 and carry 7. Tens: 7 × 9 + 7 (carried) = 70, write 70. Answer: 702. £702.
    3. £702 is more than £500, so he does not have enough: he needs £202 more.
    4. 4 × £65: Ones: 5 × 4 = 20, write 0 and carry 2. Tens: 6 × 4 + 2 (carried) = 26, write 26. Answer: 260. £260.

11. Answer to Question 11

    1. 8 × 24: Ones: 4 × 8 = 32, write 2 and carry 3. Tens: 2 × 8 + 3 (carried) = 19, write 19. Answer: 192. 192 rolls.
    2. 192 ÷ 6: Hundreds: 1 is less than 6, so there is no hundreds digit in the answer; carry 1 to the next column. Tens: 19 (1 carried to the next digit 9) ÷ 6 = 3 remainder 1. Ones: 12 (1 carried to the next digit 2) ÷ 6 = 2. Answer: 32. 32 bags.
    3. 32 × £2 = £64.
    4. 150 ÷ 6 = 25 exactly, so 25 bags and 0 extra rolls.

12. Answer to Question 12

    1. 8 × 45: Ones: 5 × 8 = 40, write 0 and carry 4. Tens: 4 × 8 + 4 (carried) = 36, write 36. Answer: 360. 360 jelly sweets.
    2. 9 × 36: Ones: 6 × 9 = 54, write 4 and carry 5. Tens: 3 × 9 + 5 (carried) = 32, write 32. Answer: 324. 324 chocolate drops.
    3. 8 × £3 = £24 and 9 × £2 = £18, so the total is £42.
    4. 360 ÷ 9: Hundreds: 3 is less than 9, so there is no hundreds digit in the answer; carry 3 to the next column. Tens: 36 (3 carried to the next digit 6) ÷ 9 = 4. Ones: 0 ÷ 9 = 0. Answer: 40. 40 gift bags.

13. Answer to Question 13

    1. 2 × £12 = £24.
    2. 5 × £7 = £35.
    3. There are 2 + 5 = 7 people, so programmes cost 7 × £3 = £21. Total: £24 + £35 + £21 = £80.
    4. £100 − £80 = £20 change.

14. Answer to Question 14

    1. 9 × 125: Ones: 5 × 9 = 45, write 5 and carry 4. Tens: 2 × 9 + 4 (carried) = 22, write 2 and carry 2. Hundreds: 1 × 9 + 2 (carried) = 11, write 11. Answer: 1 125. 1 125 books.
    2. 6 × 48: Ones: 8 × 6 = 48, write 8 and carry 4. Tens: 4 × 6 + 4 (carried) = 28, write 28. Answer: 288. 288 books.
    3. 1 125 + 288 = 1 413 books.
    4. 288 ÷ 8: Hundreds: 2 is less than 8, so there is no hundreds digit in the answer; carry 2 to the next column. Tens: 28 (2 carried to the next digit 8) ÷ 8 = 3 remainder 4. Ones: 48 (4 carried to the next digit 8) ÷ 8 = 6. Answer: 36. 36 books on each shelf.

15. Answer to Question 15

    1. 94 + 87 + 19 = 200 people.
    2. 200 ÷ 52 = 3 remainder 44 (52 × 3 = 156). Three coaches carry 156 people, which is not enough, so 4 coaches are needed.
    3. 94 + 87 = 181 pupils. 181 × 8: Ones: 1 × 8 = 8, write 8. Tens: 8 × 8 = 64, write 4 and carry 6. Hundreds: 1 × 8 + 6 (carried) = 14, write 14. Answer: 1 448. £1 448.
    4. 181 ÷ 6 = 30 remainder 1, so 30 packs give 180 pencils, not enough: 31 packs. Cost: 31 × £2 = £62.

16. Answer to Question 16

    1. 23 × 6: Ones: 3 × 6 = 18, write 8 and carry 1. Tens: 2 × 6 + 1 (carried) = 13, write 13. Answer: 138. 138 tulips.
    2. 17 × £5: Ones: 7 × 5 = 35, write 5 and carry 3. Tens: 1 × 5 + 3 (carried) = 8, write 8. Answer: 85. £85.
    3. Tulips: 23 × £4 = £92. Daisies: £85. Roses: 12 × £9 = £108. Total: 92 + 85 + 108 = £285.
    4. Roses £108 and tulips £92. She is right: £108 − £92 = £16 more.
    5. 100 ÷ 8 = 12 remainder 4, so 8 equal rows would hold 96 daisies, with 4 left over. It cannot make equal rows with all 100.

17. Answer to Question 17

    1. 4 × £8 = £32.
    2. 4 × £6 = £24.
    3. £32 + £24 = £56. This is less than £95, so it is not enough.
    4. £95 − £56 = £39 more. 39 ÷ 7 = 5 remainder 4, so 5 weeks give £35, which is not enough: he needs 6 weeks.
    5. 95 ÷ 5 = 19 exactly (5 × 19 = 95), so she is right.

18. Answer to Question 18

    1. 24 ÷ 8 = 3, so each ingredient is 3 times bigger.
    2. Flour: 120 × 3 = 360 g. Sugar: 96 × 3 = 288 g. Eggs: 3 × 3 = 9.
    3. 1 500 ÷ 360 = 4 remainder 60 (360 × 4 = 1 440), so 4 batches.
    4. 12 ÷ 9 = 1 remainder 3, so 1 batch.
    5. 4 batches need 4 × 9 = 36 eggs. 36 ÷ 6 = 6 boxes.

19. Answer to Question 19

    1. 6 × 24: Ones: 4 × 6 = 24, write 4 and carry 2. Tens: 2 × 6 + 2 (carried) = 14, write 14. Answer: 144. 144 children.
    2. 144 × £4: Ones: 4 × 4 = 16, write 6 and carry 1. Tens: 4 × 4 + 1 (carried) = 17, write 7 and carry 1. Hundreds: 1 × 4 + 1 (carried) = 5, write 5. Answer: 576. £576.
    3. Costs: £90 + £35 = £125. Profit: £576 − £125 = £451.
    4. 451 ÷ 4: Hundreds: 4 ÷ 4 = 1 remainder 0. Tens: 5 ÷ 4 = 1 remainder 1. Ones: 11 (1 carried to the next digit 1) ÷ 4 = 2 remainder 3. Answer: 112 remainder 3. £112 each with £3 left over.
    5. 3 sessions: 3 × 24 = 72 children. Money: 72 × £4 = £288. Costs are still £125, so the profit is £163. Yes, it still makes a profit.

20. Answer to Question 20

    1. The multiplier has a big effect, so a big multiplier is useful, but the hundreds digit matters too. Try the best arrangements: 863 × 4 = 3 452, 843 × 6 = 5 058 and 643 × 8 = 5 144. The largest is 643 × 8 = 5 144. Ones: 3 × 8 = 24, write 4 and carry 2. Tens: 4 × 8 + 2 (carried) = 34, write 4 and carry 3. Hundreds: 6 × 8 + 3 (carried) = 51, write 51. Answer: 5 144.
    2. Use the smallest digit as the multiplier and the smallest digits in the highest columns: 468 × 3 = 1 404. Ones: 8 × 3 = 24, write 4 and carry 2. Tens: 6 × 3 + 2 (carried) = 20, write 0 and carry 2. Hundreds: 4 × 3 + 2 (carried) = 14, write 14. Answer: 1 404.
    3. The multiplier multiplies every column, so the biggest digit, 8, is best as the multiplier. 863 × 4 = 3 452 uses the multiplier 4, which is much smaller than 8. With the multiplier 8 the other digits 6, 4 and 3 make 643 for the biggest number. A computer check of all 24 arrangements agrees with this.